Improvement iim churms



fer to like parts in thedrawings.

jfrom th'emilk the currents.v

C and C are journals'upon which `the UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.-

EBENEZER BUEL, or sHEnIDAn, New YORK.

l IMPRQVEMgNTlN CHURNS.

Speeieati'onformrrg pnrt'ofLetters 'Patent No. @41,59% dated Ucobcr11,1864.

To all` whom it may concern:v

Be it known that I, EBENEZER BUEL, of

the town of Sheridan, in the county of Ghan-4 -tauqua and State of NewYork, have invented anew and Improved Ghurn; and I do declare thefollowing to be a full andexaet description thereof, reference being hadto theaccompany- Letters ot' reference in the specification re- Thisinvention relates tothat class ness, simplicity, durability, and easeot' operation.

A represents a box of a rectangular form,

able capacity to suit the convenience of the operator. The box A, orbody of the churn, is hung upon journals secured to the ends of the bodyof the churn by flanges or other suit.

. by Ineans of which power may be attache able means, as shown inthedrawings. y

B is the trame, and may be constructed in any convenient shape, and ofeither Wood' or metal, but for 'cheapness and convenience Il prefer toconstruct' it of wood in the manner shown in the' drawings accompanyingthis Vspecification at Figs. l and 2, constructing i the frame in sucha-manner that when the' body or box's hung in its position its axis`shall have an inclination of about fteen degree's,'although Ido notconfine myself to this particular degree, as it maybe varied slightly'of the opening in the hollow journal, as seen l ata, Figs. 1 and 2;and, secondly, .it promotes Y a better separation ofthe follicles7 ofbutter by a more effectual breakage in ofiarut- 4ing ordairyingimplements denominated the atmospheric churn, having for its advantagesover other chnrns of that class cheapof the churn rotates, C being`hollow; This hollow extending throughout the whole length of the journaland communicating with the chamber of the churn by meansof an aper! turein the end of the box, as exhibited in Fig.-

2 at b, admits the free. passage ot air to'th'e cavity. and incontact.with the mass of cream or milk, and forms an essential feature of myinvention, it having been fully demonstrated to the satisfaction of alltiret-class dairymen that ventilation during the process of churning isindispensable to the production of good butter.

D is the cover or lid, which maybe secured in any ofthe well-knownforms, either with thumb-screws or otherwise, so that it may be easilyremoved for the purpose of putting the milk or cream into the churn andfor removing the butter and cleansing the churn.

E is a crank, secured to the journal C, by

.means of which the churn is operated;

. F F .are brackets or rests, and are adjustable, as shown in thedrawings in different positions in. Figs. 1 and 2' and by the red linesin Fig. 2, moving ou pivots at the lower ends, as seen at c. This is forthe purpose of giving a iirrn support te. the churn in-an uplrightpositionwhen desirablefor any purpose.`

G is a faucet', at which"v the buttermilk or .whey or any other liquidmay be drawn oi'.

l is a pulley, secured to the lower journali when desirable..

The operation ot' my improved churn is simple and requires but a small.amount of power. to operate it, as only about forty to.' sixtyrevolutions per minute shonldbo given peculiar formlot my churn whenmade to rotate at about the velocity above indicated. The inner-suriacesbeing smooth, and having neither beaters or ledges, it willf be.seen the operation consists'in the flow of the cream or milk from sideto bottom and from angle to' angle 'as arotary-motion is given to thechurn,

by which means a' separat-ion of the butter is made from the milkwithout bursting the sacks that contain the globules,? and leavf ingbutter and not grease, as when .beaters,

ledges, an'd' violent mean-s' arerused, asf-in many of--the 'churnsincommon use.

Having thus fully described the 'nature of' my invention and itsoperation, what I desire to secure by Letters Patent of the UnitedStates is I 1. In combination with the brackets F, a

i rectangular-.shaped churn, with a hollow iournal, for the purpose ofadmitting air'into the cavity of the churn, the churn having aninclination upon its axis, the several'parts be-y ing constructed,arranged, and operating as specified', l

2. In combination with the churn A, and tbc frame B, the brackets F F.lwhen constructed and used for the purposes set forth.

I EBENEZER BUEL.

Witnesses: l

DANL. D. DAVIDSON, ELIJAH F. BRECK.

